Choosing between porcelain and ceramic tile can be a difficult decision. Both have their advantages and drawbacks, and the right option depends on your specific needs and preferences. This guide examines the key differences between porcelain and ceramic tile to help you make an informed decision.
Overview
Porcelain and ceramic are both types of tile made from clay that is fired in a kiln. The main differences are in how they are manufactured and their physical properties:
Porcelain Tile
- Made from refined clay with low impurities
- Fired at very high temperatures (>2200°F)
- Dense, hard, and very low porosity
- More resistant to moisture, scratches, and stains
- Less prone to damage and wear over time
Ceramic Tile
- Made from moderately refined clay
- Fired at lower temperatures (<2200°F)
- More porous and softer than porcelain
- Not as scratch and stain resistant
- Prone to some chipping, cracking, and wear over time
Appearance
Porcelain and ceramic tiles come in a wide variety of colors, patterns, textures, and finishes. However, there are some key differences:
Porcelain Tile
- Has a smoother, less porous surface
- Reflects light better for a shiny, glass-like look
- Can mimic natural stone, metal, and wood more closely
- Available in larger tile sizes
Ceramic Tile
- Surface can be more textured and matte
- Absorbs slightly more light for a flatter appearance
- Traditionally has a distinctive terra cotta look
- Usually comes in smaller tile sizes
Durability and Longevity
Porcelain is the more durable and longer-lasting option:
Porcelain Tile
- Extremely resistant to moisture, scratches, stains, and wear
- Can withstand heavy foot traffic and commercial applications
- Suitable for indoor and outdoor use in all climates
- Can last 50 years or more with proper installation
Ceramic Tile
- Prone to some chipping, cracking, and abrasions over time
- Not as stain or scratch resistant as porcelain
- Best suited for residential walls and light-duty floors
- May need replacing after 10-25 years
Easy Maintenance
While both offer easy maintenance, porcelain is lower maintenance overall:
Porcelain Tile
- Highly waterproof and stain resistant
- Requires less sealing and recoating over time
- Easy to keep clean with sweeping and damp mopping
Ceramic Tile
- Needs periodic sealing to prevent stains
- Can require more scrubbing to remove dirt
- Grout lines may need special attention
Costs
Porcelain tile does come at a higher initial price point:
Porcelain Tile
- Typically costs $5-$40 per square foot installed
- More expensive than ceramic tile
- Higher upfront investment pays off long-term
Ceramic Tile
- Usually $1-$15 per square foot installed
- Very affordable, especially for basic types
- May need frequent replacing, impacting long-term costs
Installation Considerations
There are some differences in how the tiles should be installed:
Porcelain Tile
- Requires a high quality setting material like mortar or thinset
- Needs a perfectly flat, stable substrate to adhere to
- Professional installation recommended
Ceramic Tile
- Can sometimes be installed with basic adhesives
- More forgiving if substrate is not perfectly smooth
- DIY installation possible for experienced homeowners
Uses
While both can be used throughout the home, porcelain is better suited for heavy-duty areas:
Best Uses for Porcelain Tile
- Kitchens
- Bathrooms
- Floors
- Countertops
- Outdoor patios and walkways
- High traffic areas
- Wet areas like showers
Best Uses for Ceramic Tile
- Bathroom walls
- Light traffic floors
- Decorative backsplashes
- Fireplace surrounds
- Laundry rooms
- Craft rooms
Porcelain vs Ceramic Tile: Which is Better?
For most homeowners, porcelain tile is the better overall choice thanks to its superior durability, longevity, and moisture resistance. The higher upfront cost pays off in the long run with minimal maintenance required.
Ceramic tile works well for decorating projects on a budget, particularly in low-traffic areas. It provides an affordable way to add color, pattern, and texture throughout the home.
Ultimately, consider how and where you want to use the tile. Porcelain excels in heavy-duty settings like kitchens and baths. Ceramic shines in simple backsplashes, accent walls, and dry, residential areas. Assess your budget, traffic patterns, and design goals.
Frequently Asked Questions
Below are answers to some common questions about porcelain and ceramic tile:
Is porcelain tile better than ceramic?
Yes, porcelain is better than ceramic for most home uses because it is tougher, more waterproof, and stands up better to heavy foot traffic. The exception would be decorative ceramic tile in low-traffic, dry areas.
Is porcelain or ceramic tile more expensive?
Porcelain tile is more expensive, with prices ranging from $5-$40 per square foot installed. In comparison, ceramic tile costs $1-$15 per square foot installed. The higher cost of porcelain tile is due to more refined manufacturing and durable properties.
Can you use porcelain tile floors in bathrooms?
Yes, porcelain tile is an excellent choice for bathroom floors. The low porosity and water resistance of porcelain prevents moisture damage and makes cleaning easier. Be sure the tile is slip-resistant.
What are the downsides to porcelain tile?
Porcelain tile has very few downsides, but it does require professional installation over a perfectly smooth substrate. The cost is also higher than for ceramic tile.
Can you install ceramic tile outdoors?
It’s not recommended. Ceramic tile is prone to cracking and deterioration when exposed to weather extremes and freeze-thaw cycles outdoors. Porcelain is the better outdoor tile.
When should you choose ceramic over porcelain?
Ceramic tile works well for walls, backsplashes, fireplace surrounds and other decorative, low-traffic installations where budget is a concern and longevity is less critical.
Conclusion
Porcelain and ceramic tile offer beautiful options for homes. Porcelain is the clear winner for longevity, durability, and water resistance, while ceramic shines when affordability and decor are priorities. Assess your budget, traffic patterns, and goals to decide if porcelain or ceramic best fits your space and lifestyle. With either material, proper installation is key to maximizing the benefits.
